Browsing by Author "Balkus, Jennifer E."

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Bacterial vaginosis and the risk of trichomonas vaginalis acquisition among HIV-1 negative women.
(American Sexually Transmitted Diseases Association., 2014) Balkus, Jennifer E.; Richardson, Barbra Ann.; Rabe, Lorna K.; Taha, Taha E.; Mgodi, Nyaradzo.; Kasaro, Margaret Phiri.; Ramjee, Gita.; Hoffman, Irving F.; Abdool Karim, Salim Safurdeen.
Background: The vaginal microbiota may play a role in mediating susceptibility to sexually transmitted infections, including Trichomonas vaginalis (TV). Methods: Data were analyzed from HIV-1-seronegative women participating in HIV Prevention Trials Network Protocol 035. At quarterly visits for up to 30 months, participants completed structured interviews and specimens were collected for genital tract infection testing. T. vaginalis was detected by saline microscopy. Bacterial vaginosis (BV) was characterized by Gram stain using the Nugent score (BV = 7Y10; intermediate = 4Y6; normal = 0Y3 [reference group]). Cox proportional hazards models stratified by study site were used to assess the association between Nugent score category at the prior quarterly visit and TV acquisition. Results: In this secondary analysis, 2920 participants from Malawi, South Africa, United States, Zambia, and Zimbabwe contributed 16,259 follow-up visits. Bacterial vaginosis was detected at 5680 (35%) visits,and TV was detected at 400 (2.5%) visits. Adjusting for age, marital status, hormonal contraceptive use, unprotected sex in the last week and TV at baseline, intermediate Nugent score, and BVat the prior visit were associated with an increased risk of TV (intermediate score: adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.73; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.21Y2.19; BV: aHR, 2.40; 95% CI, 1.92Y3.00). Sensitivity analyses excluding 211 participants with TV at baseline were similar to those from the full study population (intermediate score: aHR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.10Y2.14; BV: aHR, 2.23; 95% CI, 1.75Y2.84). Conclusions: Women with a Nugent score higher than 3 were at an increased risk for acquiring TV. If this relationship is causal, interventions that improve the vaginal microbiota could contribute to reductions in TV incidence.
Brief report : dapivirine vaginal ring use does not diminish the effectiveness of hormonal contraception.
(Wolters Kluwer Health., 2017) Balkus, Jennifer E.; Palanee-Phillips, Thesla.; Reddy, Krishnaveni.; Siva, Samantha.; Harkoo, Ishana.; Nakabiito, Clemensia.; Kintu, Kenneth.; Nair, Gonasagrie.; Chappell, Catherine.; Kiweewa, Flavia Matovu.; Kabwigu, Samuel.; Naidoo, Logashvari.; Jeenarain, Nitesha.; Marzinke, Mark Albert.; Soto-Torres, Lydia.; Brown, Elizabeth R.; Baeten, Jared M.
Abstract available in pdf.
HIV disease progression among women following seroconversion during a tenofovir-based HIV prevention trial.
(Public Library of Science., 2017) Riddler, Sharon Anne.; Husnik, Marla.; Ramjee, Gita.; Premrajh, Anamika.; Tutshana, Bomkazi Onini.; Pather, Arendevi.; Siva, Samantha.; Jeenarain, Nitesha.; Nair, Gonasagrie.; Selepe, Pearl.; Kabwigu, Samuel.; Palanee-Phillips, Thesla.; Panchia, Ravindre.; Mhlanga, Felix.; Levy, Lisa.; Livant, Edward.; Patterson, Karen.; Elharrar, Vanessa.; Balkus, Jennifer E.
Abstract available in pdf.
Oral and injectable contraceptive use and HIV acquisition risk among women in four African countries : a secondary analysis of data from a microbicide trial.
(Elsevier., 2016) Balkus, Jennifer E.; Brown, Elizabeth R.; Hillier, Sharon Louise.; Coletti, Anne S.; Ramjee, Gita.; Mgodi, Nyaradzo.; Makanani, Bonus.; Reid, Cheri.; Martinson, Francis E.; Soto-Torres, Lydia.; Abdool Karim, Salim Safurdeen.; Chirenje, Zvavahera Mike.
Abstract available in pdf.
Risk of HIV-1 acquisition among women who use different types of injectable progestin contraception in South Africa: a prospective cohort study.
(Elsevier., 2015) Noguchi, Lisa M.; Richardson, Barbra Ann.; Baeten, Jared M.; Hillier, Sharon Louise.; Balkus, Jennifer E.; Chirenje, Zvavahera Mike.; Bunge, Katherine.; Ramjee, Gita.; Nair, Gonasagrie.; Palanee-Phillips, Thesla.; Selepe, Pearl.; van der Straten, Ariane.; Parikh, Urvi M.; Gomez, Kailazarid.; Piper, Jeanna M.; Watts, Heather D.; Marrazzo, Jeanne M.
Abstract available