Browsing by Author "Daftary, Amrita."

Now showing 1 - 13 of 13

Antiretroviral switching and bedaquiline treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis HIV co-infection.
(Elsevier., 2019) Padayatchi, Nesri.; Daftary, Amrita.; Orrell, Catherine.; Dooley, Kelly E.; O'Donnell, Max Roe.; Amico, Kathy Rivet.; Friedland, Gerald H.
Abstract available in PDF.
Case series of the long-term psychosocial impact of drug-resistant tuberculosis in HIV-negative medical doctors.
(International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease., 2010) Padayatchi, Nesri.; Daftary, Amrita.; Moodley, T.; Madansein, Rajhmun.; Ramjee, A.
BACKGROUND: Health care workers (HCWs) are at greater risk for tuberculosis (TB), including multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB), compared to the general population. The psychosocial impact of nosocomial TB on HCWs has received little attention in the literature. METHODS: A retrospective medical record review from 1999 to 2003 found 15 HCWs who were treated for drug-resistant TB at a specialist hospital in South Africa. Five human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) negative doctors with no predisposing factors for drug resistance are included in this case series. We collectively present their clinical case histories based on medical records from 2000 to 2005, and explore the long-term psychosocial impact of TB from interviews conducted in 2009. RESULTS: Four doctors had primary MDR-TB and one had primary resistance to multiple first-line drugs. Time from symptom onset to commencement of effective treatment ranged from 8 to 39 weeks. Time for bacteriological confirmation of drug-resistant TB ranged from 6 to 24 weeks. All were cured within 3 years of initial presentation. Content analysis of follow-up interviews revealed five main themes: 1) prolonged morbidity, 2) psychological impact, 3) poor infection control, 4) weak support structures and 5) attrition from the field. CONCLUSION: Themes emergent from this case series encourage prioritisation of TB infection control education and practice to minimise HCW morbidity and prevent HCW attrition from high-burden resource-constrained settings.
The contrasting cultures of HIV and tuberculosis care.
(Wolters Kluwer., 2014) Daftary, Amrita.; Calzavara, Liviana.; Padayatchi, Nesri.
Abstract available in pdf.
Fighting TB stigma: we need to apply lessons learnt from HIV activism.
(BMJ Publishing Group., 2017) Daftary, Amrita.; Frick, Mike Watson.; Venkatesan, Nandita.; Pai, Madhukar.
Abstract available in pdf.
HIV testing and disclosure: a qualitative analysis of TB patients in South Africa.
(Taylor & Francis., 2007) Daftary, Amrita.; Padayatchi, Nesri.; Padilla, M.
In South Africa, more than 60% of TB patients have HIV co-infection. Voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) is critical to effective HIV prevention, and TB facilities are optimal venues for delivery of these services. This study employed qualitative research methods to explore the decision-making processes for HIV testing and serostatus disclosure by 21 patients hospitalized with multi/extensively-drug resistant TB (M/XDR-TB) in Durban, KwaZulu Natal. Data collected from indepth interviews characterized 3 broad themes: HIV testing history, experiences and perceptions of stigma and disclosure, and the relationship between TB and HIV/AIDS. Fear of AIDS-related stigma, the singular stress of TB infection, the absence of partner’s consent, asymptomatic or incurable disease, and uncertainty about subsequent eligibility for antiretroviral treatment while still receiving TB treatment were identified as potential barriers to the uptake of VCT. HIV serostatus disclosure was impeded by the felt stigma of a ‘discreditable’ infection, manifested by social rejection and discrimination. The Public disclosure of TB illness helped relieve some co-prevention measures such as VCT are likely to be more effective within TB facilities if greater sensitivity is paid to TB patients’ specific social issues and perceptions. These patients are not only at greater risk for HIV co-infection but also for experiencing the double stigma of TB and HIV/AIDS.
Pilot evaluation of a second-generation electronic pill box for adherence to Bedaquiline and antiretroviral therapy in drug-resistant TB/HIV co-infected patients in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
(BioMed Central., 2018) Bionghi, Neda.; Daftary, Amrita.; Maharaj, Bhavna.; Msibi, Zama Princess N.; Rivet Amico, K.; Friedland, Gerald H.; Orrell, Catherine.; Padayatchi, Nesri.; O'Donnell, Max Roe.
Abstract available in pdf.
Preferential adherence to antiretroviral therapy over tuberculosis treatment: a qualitative study of drug-resistant TB/HIV co-infected patients in South Africa.
(Taylor & Francis., 2014) Daftary, Amrita.; Padayatchi, Nesri.; O’Donnell, Max Roe.
Abstract available in pdf.
Re-inventing adherence : toward a patient-centered model of care for drug-resistant tuberculosis and HIV.
(International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease., 2016) O’Donnell, Max Roe.; Daftary, Amrita.; Frick, Mike Watson.; Hirsch-Moverman, Yael.; Amico, Kathy Rivet.; Senthilingam, Meera.; Wolf, Allison.; Metcalfe, John Z.; Isaakidis, Petros.; Davis, Luke J.; Zelnick, Jennifer R.; Brust, James C. M.; Naidu, Naressa.; Garretson, Marné.; Bangsberg, David R.; Padayatchi, Nesri.; Friedland, Gerald H.
Abstract available in PDF file.
A scoping review and thematic analysis of social and behavioural research among HIV-serodiscordant couples in high-income settings.
(BioMed Central., 2015) Mendelsohn, Joshua B.; Calzavara, Liviana.; Daftary, Amrita.; Mitra, Sanjana.; Pidutti, Joel.; Allman, Dan.; Bourne, Adam.; Loutfy, Mona.; Myers, Ted.
Abstract available in pdf.
Social constraints to TB/HIV healthcare: accounts from coinfected patients in South Africa.
(Routledge., 2011) Daftary, Amrita.; Padayatchi, Nesri.
There is a growing imperative to improve the coordination and collaboration of tuberculosis (TB) and HIV healthcare services in response to escalating rates of TB/HIV coinfection. Patient-specific challenges associated with the delivery of TB/HIV care have been minimally explored in this regard. As part of a larger study conducted in South Africa, this article highlights coinfected patients’ experiences with TB and HIV healthcare in light of their broader social environments. Qualitative, in-depth interviews were conducted with 40 adult, coinfected patients (24 women and 16 men) and eight key-informant healthcare workers at three urban/peri-urban, ambulatory, public health clinics in the high-burden province of KwaZulu-Natal. Transcribed interviews were analyzed under a modified grounded theory approach to capture subjective meanings of healthcare experience subsequent to patients’ codiagnosis with TB and HIV. Emerging analytic themes highlighted critical sociomedical constraints to TB/HIV care in relation to patients’ income and employment, eligibility for social assistance and antiretroviral treatment, fears around illness disclosure, social and material support, and treatment adherence. Patients’ healthcare experiences were bound by their poor access to essential resources, multiple life responsibilities, disparate gender roles, limits within the healthcare system, and the stigmatizing social symbolism of their illness. Overlapping social inequalities perpetuated coinfected patients’ experiences with stigma and collectively mediated their health decisions around disclosure, adherence, and retention in medical care. The study urges a contextualized understanding of the social challenges associated with TB/HIV healthcare and helps inform more patient-sensitive and socially responsive interventions against the co-epidemic.
Tuberculosis: treatment failure, or failure to treat? Lessons from India and South Africa.
(British Medical Association., 2019) Padayatchi, Nesri.; Daftary, Amrita.; Naidu, Naressa.; Naidoo, Kogieleum.; Pai, Madhukar.
Abstract available in PDF.
Using mHealth for HIV/TB treatment support in Lesotho : enhancing patient–provider communication in the START study.
(Wolters Kluwer Health., 2017) Hirsch-Moverman, Yael.; Daftary, Amrita.; Yuengling, Katharine A.; Saito, Suzue.; Ntoane, Moeketsi.; Frederix, Koen.; Maama, Llang B.; Howard, Andrea A.
Abstract available in pdf.
“When treatment is more challenging than the disease” : a qualitative study of MDR-TB patient retention.
(Public Library of Science., 2016) Shringarpure, Kalpita S.; Isaakidis, Petros.; Sagili, Karuna D.; Baxi, Rajendra K.; Das, Mrinalini.; Daftary, Amrita.
Abstract available in PDF file.