Browsing by Author "Nadvi, Lubna."

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An analysis of the application of the South African Employment Equity Act (1998) in local government structures : a case study of female managers in the KwaZulu-Natal Provincial Department of Economic Development.
(2011) Ngubane, Priscilla Phumelele Sindisiwe.; Nadvi, Lubna.
Since its emergence as the ruling party in 1994, when South Africa became a democratic country, the African National Congress has legislated and implemented a number of policies that are aimed at redressing the historical imbalances of the past caused by the Apartheid system. The Constitution of South Africa provides for the equality of men and women as a basic human right. The South African Employment Equity Act (1998) was introduced as a way of assisting the process of achieving equality and fairness in the employment practices of government, business and other sectors in South Africa. Scholars such as Merilee Grindle have argued that for a policy to succeed many things need to be considered such as the internal and external environment in which the implementation is to occur. There has also got to be a buy-in from the relevant stakeholders as policy implementation can be influenced by the implementer’s own belief system. Factors such as one’s upbringing, religion, race, class and culture can all impact on workplace practices. Through face to face interviews with the people who are the intended beneficiaries of this policy, this study moves away from looking at the statistics that have previously been the sole analysis of the implementation of the Employment Equity Act (EEA) to look at historical, political and cultural influences on the application of the EEA. In particular this study attempts to interrogate whether cultural factors play a role or impact on the way the EEA is being implemented within a government department using the KwaZulu Natal Department of Economic Development as a case study. The obvious reason for focusing on culture is that one’s cultural background inevitably shapes how an individual views the world and engages with other people. Cultural beliefs and prejudices can also affect a person’s conduct in the workplace. KwaZulu Natal is a province that has a very long history of cultural traditions rooted in a largely patriarchal system, therefore interrogating this topic within this province is highly appropriate. The responses of the participants will reflect the views of mostly women in management positions. From these perspectives the study will reflect on the degree to which culture does play a role in the implementation of the EEA in this particular case study.
Military intervention and international law : a critical analysis of the role of the international community in political uprisings in Libya and Syria.
(2014) Simura, Blessing.; Nadvi, Lubna.; Vahed, Goolam Hoosen Mohamed.
The role of the international community in internal crises of sovereign states has been a subject of great debate in international relations studies. The legality and morality (from a United Nations Charter and customary international relations perspectives) of military intervention, either actively or through the support of an uprising or a rebellion, has been a subject of debate. The major debate on the role of the international community has been on the subject of military intervention for humanitarian purposes. Military intervention for humanitarian purposes which was popular in the 19th century and was seen by scholars as the justification of the military interventions in Iraq, Somalia and Kosovo during the 1990s was rekindled with the Arab Spring and North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) member states’ intervention in Libya and the alleged military support to Libyan rebels. NATO member states’ intervention in Libya polarized the Security Council and led to paralysis on the Syrian crisis. This thesis critically analyses the concept of military intervention for humanitarian purposes taking into consideration the transformations that have taken place in the international system specifically on the concept of sovereignty, human rights, and the United Nations (UN) law as well as the rise of the “Responsibility to Protect” as the repackaging of the concept of military intervention for humanitarian purposes. The research argues that the concept of military intervention for humanitarian purposes is controversial and has not gained full recognition by member states of the UN. It also argues that the concept of military intervention for humanitarian purposes is subject to abuse by ambitious powers. Its use in Libya was controversial. However, the international community could have learnt from the Libyan mistakes to come up with an accepted intervention programme in Syria in order to save civilian lives.
Political Islam in the 21st century : an analysis of the contestation between "militant and "progressive" Islam, with particular emphasis on forms of political expression amongst Muslims in post-apartheid South Africa.
(2009) Nadvi, Lubna.; Vahed, Goolam Hoosen Mohamed.
The political events that unfolded on September 11 200 I, marked a turning point in world history. The attacks on the United States brought into sharp focus, the very complex issue of political violence being perpetrated by elements from within the Muslim world, and the project of what is commonly referred to as Political Islam. These events have subsequently led to an intensification of scrutiny of Muslims globally, by the Western world, as well as the establishment of heightened security measures by many governments, with Muslims being subjected to increasing levels of suspicion and the curtailment of civil liberties. Accompanying this scrutiny of Muslims, has been the United States led "War on Terror," which has further fuelled anger and resentment within the Muslim world, and inspired the carrying out of further attacks of political violence against Western targets such as Britain and Spain, by Muslim militants. This thesis attempts to locate the unfolding of these acts of political violence, within the broad framework of an examination of what constitutes the arena of Political Islam (which is seen as the interface between the Islamic faith and political activity by Muslims), and to interrogate two streams of political expression within Political Islam. These are Militant Islam and Progressive Islam. This interrogation will attempt to take into account the historical development of political thought and action within the Muslim world, and Islam's encounter with the projects of colonialism, empire and orientalism, in order to understand and offer some analysis around the possible reasons for the phenomenon of contemporary political violence emanating from the Muslim world. The study will also argue that progressive expressions of Islam are more representative of the essence of Quranic teachings and that militancy, while sometimes necessary, is not an ideal way for Muslims to engage politics. The case study within which the broader theoretical argument unfolds, is the post-apartheid South African Muslim context. This case study examines how SA Muslims are expressing themselves politically in a democratic dispensation, and whether they are inclined towards militant or progressive expressions, as a faith based community engaging politics. The thesis concludes by offering suggestions for how SA Muslims can advance a peaceful progressive political agenda, which acts as a model for Muslim communities elsewhere.