Browsing by Author "Petrus, Ruwayda Chantelle."

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Ageing: a case study of autobiographical narration to promote meaning-making, legacy and psychological well-being among a sample of South African older adults.
(2020) Elsner, Hannah Grace.; Petrus, Ruwayda Chantelle.
Successful ageing is a multi-faceted concept. Older people experience a vast number difficulties across almost all domains of life that impede their journey towards ageing well. During this phase of life, seniors must also face certain developmental challenges such as establishing a legacy and making meaning from life, which may help them to age well and contribute to psychological well-being. This area of research appears to be understudied, particularly in South African research. The purpose of this study is to explore how older adults make sense of their lives and how they understand and articulate legacy. Methods This study used a case study approach to explore the life stories of five, Caucasian participants living in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Three females and two males each participated in two semi-structured interviews. Results Across the board, religious beliefs and theological views predominated participants’ meaning-making structures, and seemed to influence how they make sense of their lives, articulated legacy and psychological well-being. Conclusion The current study attempted to make a contribution to the body of knowledge on the psychological well-being of older adults, how they articulate legacy and the ways in which religion and spirituality may contribute to how they make sense of experience. Theology seemed to be a strong underlying factor.
The association between job strain and psychological well-being in national health insurance pilot clinics.
(2016) Ackerman, Dianne Megan.; Petersen, Inge.; Petrus, Ruwayda Chantelle.
A review of literature revealed that South Africa is faced with a quadruple burden of disease that is exacerbated by the high incidence of co-morbid depression amongst chronic patients. In a country where mental disorders are still highly stigmatised, providing integrated care becomes a challenge. Dealing with mental health requires caregivers to provide a service that they are not sufficiently trained for or comfortable providing. With the introduction of the National Mental Health Care policy framework and action plan in South Africa, through Primary Care 101 (PC101) which is an integrated set of chronic care guidelines, nurses are receiving additional training on mental health in order to facilitate the process of integration. In the context of all these changes, the aim of this study was to establish the association between job strain and its constructs with psychological well-being. In addition, the study aimed to investigate the relationship between self-efficacy and psychological well-being. The study made use of a quantitative measure in the form of a cross-sectional survey. The study was conducted at the National Health Insurance (NHI) pilot clinics in Klerksdorp, in the North West province as part of the Programme for Improving Mental Health Care (PRIME-SA) project. The sample consisted of professional nurses (n=137). Data was analysed using SPSS 22.0 through frequencies, descriptives and correlations between job strain, psychological job demands, decision latitude, self-efficacy and psychological well-being, and finally multiple regression analysis was conducted. The study findings indicated that nurses who experienced high levels of job strain would be more likely to possess low levels of psychological well-being. Furthermore, nurses who reported higher levels of control over their environments were likely to have higher levels of psychological well-being. Additionally, an increase in levels of self-efficacy was associated with an increase in the levels of psychological well-being. The relationship, however, between psychological job demands and psychological well-being indicated that increased psychological job demands was associated with a decrease in the levels of psychological well-being. Multiple regression analysis showed that self-efficacy was the only construct which made a unique positive predictive contribution to psychological well-being. The results of this study suggest that possible interventions to enhance decision latitude and self-efficacy of nurses may help enhance psychological well-being of nurses. Self-efficacy, making the only unique positive predictive contribution to psychological well-being, will have important implications for future interventions; hence the focus of this study is on self-efficacy when suggesting interventions. Such interventions may help attract and retain nurses and ultimately contribute to the success of the re-engineering of primary health care and the NHI.
Defining and understanding organisational culture dimensions within the African context : a reconceptualisation of Schein's model.
(2020) Ramiah, Subashnee.; Buitendach, Johanna Hendrina.; Petrus, Ruwayda Chantelle.
This study was undertaken due to the limited research concerning organizational culture within Africa. The purpose of this study was to explore and recognise how African organisations define and understand the different dimensions of organisational culture and how this compares to Schein's model of organisational culture. The study used a qualitative approach to gather and interpret data, resulting in a model used within Africa to understand the different organisational culture elements and applied in the institutions that contributed to the research. This study introduced organisational cultural dimensions for African countries that should be used to ensure employees and organisations remain productive, efficient and relevant. The dimensions that were found per Africa are organisational culture, strategy, and values that have further subthemes discussed. The sub-themes identified were goals, procedures, leadership, performance management, induction and communication, customer service, recognition and teamwork. These are relevant as they provide deeper context into the broad organisational dimensions identified in the study. This provides a way forward for organisations in Africa as this research provides a framework for them to understand the dimensions that would influence their organisational culture.
Employee experiences and perceptions of affirmative action in a South African organization : a qualitative study.
(2011) Petrus, Ruwayda Chantelle.; Reuben, Shanya.
The current study explored the perceptions and experiences of employees in a South African organization in Kwa-Zulu Natal in relation to Affirmative Action (AA). The study used a qualitative research design and was approached from the theoretical background of social constructionism. The focus was on highlighting the experiences of employees from different racial backgrounds and uncovering how they perceived and experienced AA. Sample size(n = 9) which consisted of both men and women from all the race groups were interviewed between August 2011 and October 2011. By making use of thematic content analysis eight main themes were identified. Overall the findings suggested that the majority of participants experienced AA negatively but that they perceived it do have been developed for the greater good. There were strong feelings on the subject of AA and the principle of meritocracy. Overall AA is viewed as something positive that has been burdened with negativity due to general perceptions of it. The study contributes to the evolving body of knowledge on AA and provides a unique context specific perspective to understanding how government employees perceive and experience AA.
An exploration of nurse's attitudes towards common mental illness.
(2020) James, Charlene Natasha.; Petrus, Ruwayda Chantelle.
Globally the importance of mental illness can be improved by mainstreaming the services that are provided by primary healthcare facilities. In hospitals and primary healthcare facilities, majority of healthcare professionals being nurses‟; contribute towards several experiences that peoples face with a mental illness. Stigma and discrimination have been cited leading cause of mentally ill patients not seeking help, and that the negative attitudes of healthcare workers directly contribute to this (Al-Awadhi, Atawneh, Alayan, Shahid, Al-Alkhadhari, & Zahid, 2017). It has been established in previous literature that there is a relationship between the knowledge people have about mental illness and the attitudes they hold towards it (Mavundla & Uys, 1997). Studies have also found that when healthcare staff holds negative attitudes towards mental illness, it impacts on the care that they provide (Aruna, Mittal, Yadiyal, Archarya, Acharya, & Uppulari, 2016).In light of the call for integrated mental health care to be provided at Primary health care facilities, it is important to establish what (if any) attitudes nurses hold towards those with common mental disorders. In addition, it is important to understand how their knowledge on mental health and perceptions influences these attitudinal dispositions. Stigma has been defined as 1) differentiation and labelling of various segments of society; 2) linking the labelling of different social demographics to prejudices about these individuals; 3) the development of an us-versus-them ethic; and 4) disadvantaging the people who are labelled and placed in the “them” category (Link & Phelan, 2001). Therefore, when a person is labelled due to their mental illness, they are no longer seen an individual beings but as part of a stereotype group. Due to the negative attitudes and beliefs that is created towards this group, leads to negative actions and discrimination (Creating a mentally healthy community, 2009). Negative attitudes, perception, stigma and discrimination towards people living with mental illness and towards mental illness are a major issue to provide effective mental healthcare facilities that are delivered amongst healthcare professions. However, their attitudes and perception would also affect on the amount knowledge that nurses‟ have around mental illness (Nyblade, et al., 2019). Therefore, the concept of mental illness needs to start from the healthcare professional‟s perspective for which their attitudes, perception and knowledge needs to be understood. This however needs to depend on a number of key conditions such as a lack of community and family support, education and lack of human iv resources. Therefore it is important for attitudes, knowledge and perceptions to be explored among the nursing profession as they integrate healthcare services into the primary healthcare facilities. Aruna et al., (2016) assessed medical students‟ perception, knowledge and attitudes towards psychiatric disorders. The results appeared that the participant‟s had limited knowledge and attitudes towards psychiatric disorders. Furthermore, only (25%, n=101) of the students were open to taking up psychiatry in the future, whereas (50.9%, n=206) were reluctant to be involved in psychiatry, while (24%, n=97) were not sure about answering the question. Similarly, Hasan (2020) found that undergraduate nursing student‟ showed poor attitudes and stigmatising beliefs towards mental illness, and that mental-health-specific training seems to improve perceptions towards mental health while clinical placement would lead to a decrease in negative attitudes and stigma regarding mental health. The aim of this study was to explore and describe the perceptions, knowledge and attitudes of professional nurses working in primary healthcare hold towards common mental illness in the North West Province.
Positive psychological resources and stressors of nurses working in a National Health Insurance (NHI) pilot site.
(2017) Petrus, Ruwayda Chantelle.; Petersen, Inge.; Buitendach, Johanna Hendrina.;
Abstract available in PDF file.
Using photovoice to explore the perceptions and experiences of masculinity amongst male, Afrikaner adolescents in Gauteng, South Africa.
(2021) Swanepoel, Sunitha.; Petrus, Ruwayda Chantelle.; Gigaba, Sithabisile Gugulethu.
This study aimed to explore how male, Afrikaner adolescents understand, construct and perform masculinity. Photovoice methodology was conducted online via Zoom with five male, Afrikaner adolescents aged 13-18 from the Gauteng province, South Africa. The study was guided by social constructivism as the theoretical framework. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data with the assistance of NVivo 12 software. Four main themes were found: (1) Macho Men vs Pissies, (2) Plaasjapies and Afrikaner heritage, (3) Family and Friends, and (4) Christianity. It was found that male Afrikaner adolescents construct their masculinity as being Macho Men, not Pissies, plaasjapies, and boerseuns. These notions of hegemonic masculinity were found to be informed by: (1) the socially constructed intersubjectivities within the Afrikaner community, (2) Afrikaner and Voortrekker heritage, (3) historical romanticisation of farm life, and a generational shared patriarchal ownership and trust between Afrikaners and the land, (4) socialisation by friends and family who challenge and ridicule boys to adhere to hegemonic notions of masculinity, and (5) Christianity which guides them to live their lives “right”. Within all these positions, partcipants socially enact and embody gender identities through conscious and unconscious subjective processes. Finally, the sample of male, Afrikaner adolescents perform their masculinity through proving they are macho by being tough (which includes getting into fights and obtaining injuries from physical exploits), smoking and drinking, hunting and using guns, not displaying emotions as it is associated with weakness and homosexuality, and visiting and working on farms as well as speaking out against farm murders. This study hopes to add to the existing body of knowledge by exploring the perceptions and experiences of masculinity amongst male, Afrikaner adolescents.