Virology
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Prevention of HIV-1 acquisition and determinants of disease progression.
(2021)Introduction HIV-1 infection can be managed using multiple strategies, including preventative approaches and therapeutic approaches. Current preventative and treatment strategies are suboptimal and there is a need ... -
The role of Nef-mediated SERINC5 down-regulation on HIV-1 disease progression.
(2021)HIV-1 Nef is a small accessory protein that plays a vital role in enhancing HIV-1 pathogenesis, evidenced by a strongly attenuated disease course following infection with a virus with gross Nef defects. Nef has multiple ... -
The impact of antiretroviral therapy and Immunological factors on preterm and small for gestational age deliveries in HIV infected pregnant women.
(2020)Introduction Antiretroviral therapy (ART) during pregnancy may be associated with an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, including preterm delivery (PTD) and small-for-gestational-age (SGA) but the underlying ... -
HIV cell-to-cell spread leads to a differential transcriptional response and slows evolution of drug resistance relative to cell-free infection.
(2020)HIV transmits between hosts but also transmits between cells in the same host. How this latter, cellular transmission occurs has been the subject of extensive study. Yet why HIV transmits between cells using two different ... -
Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cell heterogeneity in peripheral blood and bronchoalveolar compartment: implications for TB and HIV immunity.
(2020)Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of infectious mortality globally and the leading cause of death in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Understanding the mechanisms leading to impaired anti-TB ... -
Pharmacokinetic influences of selected phytochemical compounds from herbal medicine used by HIV- positive patients on drugs-metabolising proteins of HIV-1 protease inhibitor drugs.
(2020)Introduction: Sub-Saharan Africa has the highest incidence of HIV/AIDS and AIDS-related deaths in the world. Although there is currently no cure for the disease, significant progress has been made in developing antiretroviral ... -
Cytotoxic and anti-proliferative effects of Moringa Oleifera Lam.on hela cells.
(2021)Moringa oleifera Lam., known to most as the ‘drumstick tree’, is a non-fastidious botanical that is native to India, and is cultivated on a global scale as a sustainable crop, for sustenance, medicinal and beauty ... -
In vitro modelling of the impact of anti-inflammatory drugs on cellular cytotoxicity, activation and inflammation.
(2020)The relationship between inflammation and HIV has been a major focus of HIV research. In people living with HIV (PLWH), HIV-associated immune activation drives HIV disease progression. While genital inflammation has ... -
Gag-protease driven viral replication capacity among HIV-1 subtypes: Implications for disease progression, epidemic spread and vaccine design.
(2020)The HIV-1 epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa is heterogeneous with diverse unevenly distributed subtypes and regional differences in prevalence. Subtype-specific differences in disease progression rate and transmission efficiency ... -
Measuring HLA-B allele expression across differential cell types.
(2018)Background: The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region has shown to have the strongest disease associations and recent studies have shown that expression levels of these HLA molecules play a major role in the clinical course ... -
Identifying novel transcriptional regulatory elements of HLA-A alleles through the evaluation of the 5’ un-translated region sequences.
(2020)Sub-Saharan Africa holds approximately half the population living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in the world (~19.6 million), of which around 7.2 million cases are found in South Africa. Although antiretroviral ... -
The HIV-1 gag and protease: exploring the coevolving nature and structural implications of complex drug resistance mutational patterns in subtype C.
(2019)Due to the high prevalence of HIV-1 subtype C infection coupled with increasing antiretroviral (ARV) drug treatment failure, the elucidation of complex resistance mutational patterns arsing through protein coevolution is ... -
Identifying the cellular HIV-1 reservoir in lymph nodes of antiretroviral therapy suppressed individuals.
(2019)HIV-1 infection is suppressed but not cured in the face of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Pinpointing the cellular HIV-1 reservoir, which allows HIV-1 to persist, is key to the eradication of the virus. Lymph nodes are known ... -
The differential influence of HIV-1 subtype C,nucleoside analog resistance mutations: K65R, A62V, S68N and Y115F susceptibility to tenofovir.
(2019)The use of Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumerate (TDF) for the treatment of HIV-1 infection has been recommended for the first-line as well as a second-line antiretroviral regimen in South Africa, due to its high antiretroviral ... -
Phenotypic effects and predictions of HIV-1 subtype C reverse transcriptase C-terminal domain mutations on reverse transcriptase inhibitors.
(2018)Antiretroviral drug therapy has been shown to reduce the death of HIV-1 infected individuals. However, the emergence of HIV-1 drug resistance has hindered the success of HIV-1 treatment. Genotyping tests mainly concentrate ... -
Genetic and functional diversity of central nervous system (CNS) derived Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) tat from Tuberculous Meningitis (TBM) patients.
(2018)INTRODUCTION Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transactivator of transcription (tat) is a regulatory gene that encodes the transactivator of transcription Tat protein. The Tat effectively increases the activity ... -
Functional characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) subtype C transmitted/founder (T/F) viruses long terminal repeat (LTR) variants and association with disease outcome.
(2020)Background: The persistence of latent viral reservoirs is a major roadblock to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) cure development. Latent reservoirs harbour transcriptionally silent yet replication competent ... -
Sequence analysis of an HIV-1 subtype C acutely infected cohort from Durban, South Africa.
(2018)The Human Immunodeficiency Virus is a global public health concern. The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS estimated that 36.9 million people were infected with HIV globally at the end of 2017. Almost 20% of these ... -
The influence of HIV-1 genomic target region selection and sequence length on the accuracy of inferred phylogenies and clustering outcomes.
(2017)To improve the methodology of HIV-1 cluster analysis, we addressed how analysis of HIV-1 clustering is associated with parameters that can affect the outcome of viral clustering. The extent of HIV clustering, tree ... -
Genotypic and phenotypic characterization of HIV-1 from cerebrospinal fluid and blood compartments in patients with cryptococcal meningitis.
(2017)The combination of HIV and cryptococcal meningitis (CM) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa. The phylogenetic relatedness of HIV-1 subtype C (HIV-1C) variants in peripheral blood and the central ...
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