Innate immune activation enhances HIV acquisition in women, diminishing the effectiveness of tenofovir microbicide gel.
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Date
2011
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Oxford University Press.
Abstract
The antiretroviral agent, tenofovir, formulated as a vaginal microbicide gel, reduces human immunodeficiency
virus (HIV) acquisition by 39% in women. This study assessed the role of preexisting immune activation
in HIV acquisition in women from the CAPRISA 004 trial, to identify potential strategies to increase the
effectiveness of tenofovir gel. Systemic cytokine and cellular immune mediators (platelets and natural killer
[NK] cells) were assessed in women at high risk for HIV assigned to either tenofovir or placebo gel in the
CAPRISA 004 trial. Notwithstanding tenofovir gel use, women who acquired HIV had significantly higher
systemic innate immune activation prior to infection than women who remained uninfected. Activation of
both soluble (cytokine) and cellular (NK cells) immune mediators were associated with HIV acquisition, individually
or in combination. Hence, an innate immune activation suppressant could be added to tenofovir gel
as a potential combination gel strategy in developing the next generation of higher efficacy antiretroviral
microbicides.
Description
Keywords
Antiretroviral agents., AIDS (Disease) in women--Treatment., HIV infections--Immunology.
Citation
Naranbhai V., et al. 2012. Innate immune activation enhances HIV acquisition in women, diminishing the effectiveness of tenofovir microbicide gel. J Infect Dis. 206 (7) pp. 993-1001.