Optimal energy control of a grid connected solar-wind based electric power plant.

Abstract

In the present context of urge energy demand, renewable energy is considered as an alternative source of clean energy. In view of the increase in the price of fossil fuel due to its rarity and emissions, more integration of renewable sources is needed for better economic management of the grid. This research work has been done in two parts. The first part deals with the daily energy consumption variations for the low demand season and high demand season on weekdays and weekends. The intention is to correlate the corresponding fuel cost and estimate the operational efficiency of the hybrid system, which comprises the PV, PW, DG, battery system, for a period of 24 hours taken as control horizon. The latest published research literature has shown that a good deal of work has been done using a fixed load and uniform daily operational cost. The economic dispatch strategy, fuel cost, energy flows and energy sales are analysed in this study. The results show that a renewable energy system, which combines the PV/PW/diesel/battery models, achieves more fuel saving during both the high demand and low demand seasons than a model where the diesel generator satisfies the load on its own. The fuel cost during the low demand and high demand seasons for weekdays and weekends shows considerable fluctuations, which should not be neglected if accurate operational costs are to be obtained. The model shows the achievement of a more practical estimate of fuel costs, which reflects the fluctuation of power consumption behaviour for any given model. In the last part of the thesis model predictive control (MPC) is introduced in the management and control of power flow. The highlight in this thesis is the management of the energy flow from the hydro pump, wind, photovoltaic system and turbine when the system is subject to severe disturbances. The results demonstrated in the thesis prove the advantages of the approach and its robustness against uncertainties and external disturbances. When analysed with the open loop control system, MPC is more robust because of its stability of the system when external disturbances occur in the system. This thesis presents a practical solution to energy sale, control, optimization and management.