Masters Degrees (Graduate School of Business and Leadership)

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/10413/7378

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An investigation of formal learning and experiential learning in the form of internships as facilitative mechanisms for employability and work readiness: a case study of the work experience and internship program of the KwaZulu-Natal clothing and textile SETA.
(2022) Phillip, Luntu Leon.; Luthuli , Nomkhosi Hlengiwe.
The clothing and textile industry is an important driver of economic growth and development. Moreover, it is a labour-intensive industry. But due to technological advancement, the labour dynamic in the industry is becoming more technologyintensive, thus requiring a skilled workforce from higher education institutions (hereafter HEIs). There exists a gap between graduate skills and the industry skills demand. There is also high unemployment in South Africa. On the other hand, employers are also struggling to find employees with practical knowledge. Furthermore, there is a challenge in incorporating experiential learning into formal learning to facilitate learners’ employability. Thus, graduates find it difficult to integrate easily into a work environment due to a lack of practical skills and knowledge. This study investigates how formal learning at the Durban University of Technology and the SETA internship program can facilitate employability and work readiness. This qualitative study employs inductive thematic analysis to interpret data collected using semi-structured interviews with 30 respondents, including students, interns, lecturers, employers, recruitment agents, and SETA representatives. The findings revealed that the theoretical contents taught in HEIs are adequate. However, HEIs still need to develop curricula that increase practical components, aligning with the needs of the industry to produce quality graduates. Secondly, the findings showed that employers must provide adequate mentoring support for learners in internship programs. Thirdly, employers and learners are unaware of SETA's roles in facilitating internship placements and funding. Lastly, the findings identified employable skills relevant to the industry. This study recommends that to increase the employability of learners after graduation, there is a need to adopt an effective model through a partnership between HEIs, employers, and government where all stakeholders play active roles that facilitate the integration of experiential learning into formal learning, which helps learners develop relevant specific skills for employability in the industry.
Investigating the importance of women in leadership: case of an architectural organisation in KwaZulu-Natal.
(2022) Naidoo, Luresha Sasha.; Chummun, Bibi Zaheenah.
The built environment is customarily known to be a male-dominated industry. Sub-sector industries such as architecture, engineering and quantity surveying forms part of the greater built environment. Numerous studies indicates that the built environment has major gender imbalances. For instance, 25% of the architectural professions are female in South Africa. Women have been gradually entering the industry through proving their talent and passion in the recent years and their enrolment has been increasing. However, the number of women in architecture is still intractably low. Therefore, indicating a need for further research within the architectural industry. The study investigated the importance of women in leadership in the architectural profession and aimed to advance knowledge and evaluate the impact of women in architectural leadership. Simultaneously, the study did not intend to discredit men but rather pursue research that contributes to creating a more gender balanced industry. Research insight was gained through analysing leadership literature and gaining in depth knowledge of women in leadership and the challenges that women are accosted to. In addition, the leadership approaches that women deploy was explored. Furthermore, a mixed method research approach was employed for this study, consisting of a quantitative investigation on 40 people comprising of both male and females in the architectural profession and a qualitative investigation on women in the architectural industry. The samples were purposefully and conveniently sampled. The data was transcribed in a descriptive manner for the quantitative data set while a thematic analysis was utilised for the qualitative data set. The location of the study was an architectural organisation in KwaZulu-Natal. The findings indicated that major gender imbalances exist within the selected industry and various challenges that obstruct the success of women in architectural leadership such as lack of recognition and gender-based stereotypes. Furthermore, women in architecture deploy a more transformational and authentic style of leadership which was noted to be the most ideal form of leadership necessary for the architectural industry, therefore, confirming the importance of women in architectural leadership. Lastly, the study suggests recommendations to create a more gender balanced industry through including more women in leadership.
An investigation of sustainable leadership practices of port executive in the Port of Durban.
(2021) Zungu, Nontobeko Londiwe.; Kanyangale, MacDonald.
Ship and port activities in a port such as Durban in South Africa are key in ensuring sustainability and growth of the economy in acceptable ways that meet the needs of industries and all citizens. While the practices of sustainability by strategic leaders of a port are critical in ensuring sustainable operations in every part of port activity, little is known about what members of the port executive actually do when it comes to leading sustainability at the port of Durban in South Africa. The objective of this qualitative study is to explore the sustainable leadership practices of Port Executives at the Port of Durban in South Africa. This exploratory study was conducted using qualitative in-depth interviews with nine experienced members of the port executive to explore their day-to-day practices of sustainable leadership in the port environment with multiple stakeholders whose activities have various environmental impacts at societal level while others relate to organisational sustainability of the port of Durban. The participants in this study were selected using purposive sampling technique because they are involved in shaping the strategic direction of shipping and port activities which affect sustainability and operations in the long term. Data were gathered using semi structured interviews and analysed using thematic analysis to get dominant themes depicting sustainable leadership practices, practices of reinforcing green management, challenges of becoming sustainable leaders and key competences of sustainable leadership of a hybrid port. Results reveal a variety of four sustainable leadership practices by port executives at the port of Durban. These include prioritisation of environmental sustainability, commitment to strategic partnerships, strategic thinking about the business and people, and community building and corporate social responsibility. The key gaps in the sustainable leadership practice of port executive include silo behaviour, poor communication and strategic failure to develop green human capital. Port executives enforced green management practices by driving and reinforcing waste management practices and green innovation. However, this was predominantly operational, weak, but also poorly strategized to create and develop a lasting sustainability culture at the port. More importantly, lack of sustainability literacy within the upper echelon and sustainability expertise among employees undermined the practice of sustainable leadership by Port Executive. The study has proposed a framework of sustainable leadership competences for a port and also areas of future research.
Employee reactions to change management in a selected printing company - a case study of Uniprint.
(2021) Munisamy, Povinisha.; Vilakazi, Blessing Fika Mlondi.
he research investigated employee reactions to change management in a selected printing company, Uniprint. Firstly, the study determined the key contributing factors to managing change and whether the selected printing company ensured that these factors were present through the change management process. Thereafter, the employee reactions to change management was investigated. Further to this, the extent of employee involvement in change management was ascertained. Finally, the role of leadership and the human resources (HR) department in change management was established. The research methodology consisted of mixed methods: namely, both quantitative and qualitative approaches. There were structured interviews with open-ended questions as well as questionnaires containing closed-ended questions. The researcher interviewed 5 employees within both managerial and operational positions and distributed 126 questionnaires amongst the other employees. The interviews provided the detail that the researcher required and the questionnaires broadened the research because they provided more views since it was completed by a broader range of respondents. The purposive sampling technique was used as the research methodology was both quantitative and qualitative, and the researcher relied on her judgement in selecting the respondents for the research. The research findings revealed that the key contributing factors to managing change were communication, planning, teamwork, and a budget. In investigating the employee reactions, the research identified gaps wherein there were negative employee reactions when there was no transparency and open communication from leadership and HR, and, when employees were not involved in the change management process. When employees were involved in change management there were positive employee reactions because employees felt valued which ultimately impacted their jobs and work environment.
The role of leadership in managing change in the fast-moving consumer goods industry.
(2021) Munyaka, Jean-Jacques Bahati.; Mutambara, Emmanuel.
Abstract available in PDF.
Examining local sourcing strategies utilised by a logistics service provider in Durban.
(2023) Vandayar, Kishan.; Vilakazi, Blessing Fika Mlondi.
The study explored local sourcing strategies adopted by a logistics service provider (LSP) operating in Durban, South Africa. In an era marked by global supply chain disruptions, understanding the dynamics of local sourcing becomes crucial for enhancing supply chain resilience, reducing costs, and contributing to local economies. Through a qualitative research methodology, the study delved into key themes encompassing reasons behind local sourcing, types of locally sourced products, purchase classification methods, sourcing strategies, and critical supplier selection criteria. The study included eight participants, namely participants A-H. The participants were selected based on the inclusion criteria as described by the researcher. Whilst there was only one participating organisation in the dissertation, other candidates participated in their own capacity. This allowed the research more insight on how local sourcing was viewed in relation to the participating organisation. The first theme unveiled the rationale driving LSPs' preference for local sourcing. The findings emphasised the potential for local sourcing to alleviate costs associated with global procurement, fostering economic growth and sustainability in the region. The second theme identified various product categories that LSPs source locally, ranging from packaging materials to machinery. Notably, insights from participant interviews suggested that certain technical products were sourced locally through intermediaries due to their specialised nature. The third theme centred on purchase classification methods, revealing the prevalence of the Kraljic Portfolio Matrix among LSPs in Durban. While the Kraljic Matrix considers risk and importance, an additional classification method—disbursement and trade spend—was revealed by a participant. The fourth theme highlighted diverse sourcing strategies, such as multiple sourcing, single sourcing, strategic partnerships, and collaborative planning. Participants underscored the importance of aligning strategies with specific goods categories to balance risk and supplier competition. Critical supplier selection criteria form the fifth theme, emphasising price competitiveness, product quality, delivery reliability, lead time, and supplier financial stability. These criteria reflected the multifaceted nature of decision-making whereby LSPs must navigate complex trade-offs to optimise sourcing outcomes. Thereafter, the researcher provides recommendations such as diversification of sourcing strategies, strengthening relationships with suppliers and continuous evaluation of suppliers to further assist LSP’s in their sourcing practices. In conclusion, the study contributed substantially to supply chain management discourse by shedding light on the underexplored realm of local sourcing strategies followed by South African LSPs.
Exploring the challenges of human capital management in a global organisation.
(2023) Gajadhar, Manjith.; Proches, Cecile Naomi Gerwel.
Human capital is viewed as key asset of the organisation and by effectively implementing the practices of human capital management, Diebold Nixdorf would be able leverage the skillset, knowledge, and experience of its workforce to achieve sustainable competitive advantage again. The aim of this study was to identify the challenges of implementing the practices of human capital management in a global organisation and to determine the measures that can be undertaken to overcome these challenges. The study examines the concepts and elements of human capital management by referencing available literature. The study follows a qualitative methodology approach with purposive sampling. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight human resource staff and three line managers via Microsoft Teams. Participants were selected based on their position in the company and their role in human capital management. Participants from Europe and America were chosen for the study. A thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. Many challenges were determined from the data collected from the interview. One of the many key findings of the study is the high attrition rate which had a negative performance impact on the organisation which in turn had impacted the company’s revenue. It was further observed that managers had experienced challenges in managing a geographically diverse workforce due to government legislation and a culturally diverse workforce. The study also discussed other challenges faced by the company in implementing the practices and processes of human capital management and provided recommendations to overcome these challenges, which can also be adopted by other global companies. The study also investigated the impact of human capital management on the performance of the organisation. Furthermore, the study discussed the measures taken to embed human capital management changes in the organisation.
Evaluating the rate of return pricing methodology for ports in South Africa: a scenario analysis.
(2023) Mbele, Mondli Eugene.; Chasomeris, Mihalis Georgiou.
Port pricing plays a strategic role in the management of ports and port operations, and it is an important aspect that informs long-term port infrastructure investment plans and broader policy objectives. The South African government regards the maritime industry as a catalyst for economic growth and acknowledges the need to promote an efficient and effective transport system. However, port costs in South Africa are high by global standards and this has a negative impact on the country’s economic growth and port competitiveness. While port costs in South Africa have improved over the years, they remain elevated. Specifically, container cargo dues and the total port costs to users in container ports are above the global sample average by 166% and 146% respectively. Consequently, the Ports Regulator of South Africa aims to implement a tariff strategy that will decrease container cargo dues to 36% below the benchmarked average. The study mainly adopted a quantitative scenario methodology but has some elements of qualitative scenario methodology. This study will recalculate the National Ports Authority’s required revenue tariff application for 2023/24 using adjusted input components (i.e., the Regulatory Asset Base, Asset beta, Tax Rate, and Excessive Tariff Increase Margin Credit) informed by an evidence-based preliminary empirical and theoretical literature analysis. This will establish a sound theoretical foundation for each scenario and relies upon in-depth analysis. The recalculated required revenue tariff application for 2023/24 demonstrates that port tariffs could be reduced significantly. That is, scenarios 1 and 2 show that tariffs could increase at a slower rate which is below the upper inflation target band of 6%. Furthermore, scenario 3 shows that port tariffs could decrease by 10,4%, while scenario 4 shows that port tariffs could decrease to 2,4%. The study shows that there is scope to reduce South Africa’s port tariffs by improving the accuracy of the components of the revenue required model, thereby fostering South Africa’s trade competitiveness, and stimulating economic development in South Africa.
The effect of emotional intelligence in enhancing job satisfaction for quantity surveyors in South Africa.
(2023) Harinarain, Nishani.; Chummun, Bibi Zaheenah.
Abstract available in PDF.
The potential impact of female leadership on the petroleum industry in Durban.
(2021) Munyaka, Nonsikelelo Thembelihle.; Martins, Ana Maria De Azevedo.
Abstract available in PDF.
The impact of agricultural skills training programmes delivered by Shukela Training Centre (Pty) Ltd.
(2022) Madlala, Nolwazi Protasia.; Chummun, Bibi Zaheenah.
Abstract available in PDF.
The role of leadership in implementing a safety culture in a chemical manufacturing company, KwaZulu-Natal.
(2022) Mphafudi, Motheiwane Emmanuel.; Proches, Cecile Naomi.
Abstract available in PDF.
The impact of remote working in Engen Petroleum Limited South Africa emanating from the COVID-19 pandemic.
(2022) Mohan, Sudhir Rajendrapersadh.; Yalezo , Bhasela.
Abstract available in PDF.
Investigating the potential impact of autonomous vehicles, a KwaZulu-Natal civil engineer’s perspective.
(2023) Chetty, Kyle.; Chummun, Bibi Zaheenah.
This dissertation paper examines the potential impact of autonomous vehicles from the perspective of fifteen civil engineers based in KwaZulu-Natal. With the advent of this groundbreaking autonomous vehicle technology, it is crucial to assess its implications on various aspects of transportation systems and infrastructure development. The study examines the potential benefits and challenges of adopting autonomous vehicles, including their impact on traffic congestion, road safety, and environmental sustainability. Autonomous vehicles are still in the research and development phase, but several influential stakeholders are already establishing partnerships to strengthen their position in future transportation markets. The invention of automobiles has shaped our society, influencing how we commute, where we live, and how we build our cities and infrastructure. While automotive vehicles offer transportation freedom and contribute to economic growth, they also pose sustainability challenges. Issues like safety, environmental impact, traffic congestion, and time spent on operation highlight the need for more sustainable transportation solutions. Autonomous vehicles can sense their environments to perform at least some aspects of safety-critical control (like steering, throttling, or braking) without direct human input. This dissertation aims to develop a strong foundation for anticipating the potential impacts of vehicle automation advancements in South Africa. User acceptance of autonomous vehicles is a crucial concern in the transportation industry. It's vital not to underestimate their potential impact and implications. These vehicles have the capacity to make a significant positive global impact, making them valuable assets for governments and automotive industries alike. The study will utilize a qualitative research approach involving a sample of fifteen (15) civil engineers employed in the road infrastructure sector within the KwaZulu-Natal region. This research will provide valuable insights and recommendations for policymakers, engineers, and stakeholders involved in the future integration of autonomous vehicles in KwaZulu-Natal and beyond through a comprehensive review of existing literature and expert interviews. The study suggests future research should compare regions in South Africa, use quantitative methods, track long-term impacts, collaborate across disciplines, study public perceptions, examine legal frameworks, assess environmental impacts, monitor technological advancements, analyze economic implications, and engage local communities. The study concludes that autonomous vehicles offer significant potential for revolutionizing transportation in South Africa. They promise improved efficiency, enhanced safety features, and various societal impacts, including changes in urban planning and job creation. Despite initial costs, long-term benefits such as reduced accidents and increased efficiency outweigh them.
A study into prospective changes in consumer behaviour and buying patterns of graduate millennials due to COVID 19 in South Africa.
(2021) Lakman, Ushir.; Pelser, Theunis Gert.
The purpose this study is to determine the prospective changes in consumer behaviour and buying patterns of graduate millennials post COVID 19 in South Africa. To this end, a quantitative research project has been undertaken. Primary data was collected via a survey. Several theories were discussed such as consumer behaviour models, the buy decision process and dynamic consumer journey to gain a better understanding of the research that was conducted. Additionally, technology adoption models such as the TRA, TPB, TAM, ETAM and in particular MOCA is discusses as the study is seeking to determine behavioural movement toward online purchasing because of the pandemic. Research was conducted on the pandemic as well as the economy of South Africa as these are important consideration when conducting a study on consumer behaviour. This study seeks to contribute to the existing knowledge on technology adoption and consumer behaviour, particularly to determine whether the switch to online purchases during the pandemic is a permanent development or just as a result of consumers being forced to due to the pandemic. These findings may prove valuable to retailers and developers. It could provide a new lens with which to inform their marketing decision as well as development plans for the future.
The impact of the coronavirus pandemic on female leaders in the School of Clinical Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal.
(2023) Ndawonde , Mandisa.; Proches, Cecile Naomi Gerwel.; Ramklass, Serela Samita.
The coronavirus pandemic has altered the working experience interface in higher educational institutions, by redirecting how tasks are completed and how individuals interact with one another. This study aimed to determine the challenges faced by female leaders in the School of Clinical Medicine (SCM) at the University of KwaZulu Natal (UKZN) during the coronavirus pandemic. The study explored the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on female leaders in the SCM at UKZN and mechanisms implemented to facilitate growth and maintain function. This qualitative study used purposive sampling to identify nine female leaders from the School of Management Committee (MANCO) to participate voluntarily. Participants included the Academic Leader of Teaching and Learning and heads of various disciplines within the school. Nine female leaders in the SCM were interviewed individually using the Zoom platform to determine the challenges they experienced in their role as academic and/or clinical heads of departments during the coronavirus pandemic. The study was motivated by the absence of prior studies that reported challenges experienced by female leaders within the SCM. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The themes identified explained their challenges and impact on female leaders within the SCM. One of the reported challenges faced by the University of KwaZulu-Natal (UKZN) was the management of multiple programs. With various courses and programs running concurrently, it became difficult to allocate resources effectively. This led to issues such as inadequate staff for teaching and learning. The insufficient number of qualified staff members posed a significant challenge for UKZN. Due to resource constraints, there were not enough consultants available to meet the demands of all the programs. This resulted in larger class sizes and limited individual attention for students. Another challenge highlighted in the report was the contradictory staff policies between UKZN and the Department of Health (DOH). These conflicting policies created confusion among staff members regarding their roles, responsibilities, and reporting structures. It hindered effective collaboration between different departments within UKZN and with external healthcare institutions. The study highlighted the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on female leaders through challenges experienced. A discussion of the various changes that took place in teaching and learning is also included.
Leading through multiple disruptions in a printing organisation in Durban, South Africa.
(2023) Mooninthan, Cadene.; Proches, Cecile Naomi Gerwel.
The past few years in South Africa has been both economically and psychologically challenging for many South Africans and organisations in the country. The country has faced multiple disruptions and many social and economic challenges. Through these disruptions, organisations were required to be consistently knowledgeable and innovative to rise above the competition as the world of business is changing and growing at a rapid pace. Operating in a Volatile, Uncertain, Complex, and Ambiguous (VUCA) business environment requires strong and effective leadership to guide and lead the organisation forward toward growth and success. Leading through the multiple disruptions has become increasingly challenging for many leaders and organisations, however, this study has been restricted to a printing organisation in Durban which is the InsideData Group. The study aimed to identify the multiple disruptions affecting the printing organisation in Durban, to understand the leadership response to the multiple disruptions, and to identify what leadership practices should be implemented to effectively deal with the multiple disruptions in the future. This study focused on gaining a leadership perspective on the challenges of being an effective leader while managing the multiple disruptions in the organisation. The research was conducted by applying a qualitative research approach. The data was collected by conducting semi-structured interviews with 10 senior-level leaders in the organisation. A non-probability sampling method was conducted to select the participants which was purposive sampling. The data analysis was conducted using the thematic data analysis approach. The findings of the study highlighted the identification of the recent multiple disruptions, their impact on the organisation, the challenges that leaders encountered during these disruptions, the leadership response to the disruptions, the different leadership styles used in the organisation, how leaders managed organisational performance, and the methods of business improvement to be implemented to manage the multiple disruptions. The study offers recommendations to leaders on leadership practices to consider when faced with future disruptions such as implementing leadership training programs, developing a network of teams, maintaining communication and transparency, and instilling effective leadership styles and traits in current leaders or new recruits. The study also provides recommendations for further research which is to gain an employee perspective on the multiple disruptions and their leadership expectations. This study can also be extended by incorporating leaders in different printing organisations.
Investigating the factors that influence employee retention at Vector Logistics in South Africa.
(2023) Taylor, Daniel.; Chummun, Bibi Zaheenah.
Employee retention can be acknowledged as an important area of study due to the implications for company management. This area of study has become even more important with the occurrence of what has been termed The Great Resignation as millions of employees are resigning from their jobs post-COVID-19. Employee retention is the effort an employer makes to keep desirable employees to continue meeting organisational objectives. Without an active effort to keep employees engaged, employees can be attracted to other opportunities and may leave the company. The study focused on Vector Logistics in South Africa. Consumers need products from various industries including food, electronics, textiles, and furniture among many others, making the logistics industry important for the delivery of these products and the functioning of the economy. Furthermore, fuel, energy, truck-building and other cost increases result in logistics companies searching for ways to keep costs low to prevent cost increases to customers. This study was commissioned to review the factors influencing employee retention at Vector Logistics in South Africa. The information gathered was used to highlight which strategies have been implemented and the success of each. A quantitative study was developed to achieve these aims with a close-ended questionnaire provided to the sample of the 28 employees of the HR department at Vector Logistics in South Africa. Therefore, the study will assist Vector Logistics with insights into manpower which is the most important asset in a company. By providing insights into factors influencing employee retention, the study will help Vector Logistics implement better strategies to retain employees.
Promoting gender equality in the Department of Public Works in KwaZulu-Natal.
(2023) Lukele, Faith Sanelisiwe.; Yalezo, Bhasela.
For many years, women worldwide have continued to experience discriminatory practices both in the workplace and in society. One of the discriminatory practices faced by women is their exclusion in leadership positions. Post-1994, the South African government has promulgated several different legislative frameworks and policies to redress gender equality, discrimination and empower women. Despite the government efforts, there seems to be a common consensus among scholarly researchers that gender inequality still prevails in the South African workplace After twenty-nine years of democracy. Against this background, the present study aims to promote gender equality in the South African workplace by focusing on the Department of Public Works. A quantitative research will be conducted to collect data so that information can be quantified and subjected to statistical treatment to support or refute “alternate knowledge claims. The study will be conducted in the Department of Public Works. Given the total population of about 200 employees, the sample size of 132 was selected using simple random sampling. However, the data was were collected from 124 through an online survey (questionnaire). The reliability and validity of the measuring instrument were measured through a pilot study. The data was analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social, version 27.0. The study concluded that the factors such as women empowerment, organisational culture, leadership commitment and organisational structure were the most important factors that contributed to reducing gender inequality in the Department of Public Works. Also, the results revealed that gender equality impacted employee retention and performance significant in the Department of Public Works. On the contrary, the study found no significant relationship between gender equality and employee job security. This study provides a better knowledge of the discriminatory practices against women, especially those in leadership position in the Department of Public Works. Therefore, the study will service as an important tool for promoting gender equality in the Department of Public Works and other Departments in South Africa. The study recommends that organisations, including the Department of Public Works implement gender balance policies and practices to help reduce gender inequality.
Effects of digital transformation on employee morale in the business banking department of a financial organization.
(2023) Dookie, Deepak.; Chummun, Bibi Zaheenah.
Many organizations are undergoing digital transformation to remain competitive. Digital transformation in these organizations involves replacing old software with new software or automating manual processes. Organizations undergo this transformation without considering the effect on employees. This digital transformation process has a direct impact on employees. The study aimed to uncover the effects this transformation has on employee morale; the benefits of digital transformation and the strategies organizations should follow when implementing digital transformation. A quantitative study was conducted in the business banking division of a large financial services organization. The sampling technique used was stratified random. There was a total of fifty people that was sent a questionnaire within the business banking division of the financial services organisation. It was found that the benefits of digital transformation included streamlining of the operational process in the department, reducing manual activities, automating repetitive tasks, and minimizing errors. Respondents also showed positive results towards digital transformation increasing efficiency and allowing for more efficient data gathering and utilization of that data to gain valuable insights. Data from the questionnaire showed that employee morale increased with the introduction of digital transformation. Employees can do more meaningful work with the automation of tasks, thus doing more complex work and having a sense of accomplishment when complete. Digital transformation leads to increased motivation in employees with the desire to learn new skills and grow their career. Strategies needed to successfully implement digital transformation included training of employees on the new technologies to boost confidence and increase morale. Employees want to be included in the transformation process by providing inputs to decision-making. There needs to be clear and transparent communication from leaders during digital transformation. The data showed that employees require rewards while undergoing the transformation journey as this increases morale and allows adoption and culture shift to happen quickly. Lastly employees should be provided feedback regularly to show that their opinion matters, this increases morale. It is recommended that organizations embrace digital transformation totally and utilize the strategies identified in the study.

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