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A comparative study on the use of country’s import CIF/FOB ratios to measure international transport costs.

dc.contributor.advisorChasomeris, Mihalis Georgiou.
dc.contributor.authorAnieto, Anthony Francis Tochukwu.
dc.date.accessioned2020-04-06T16:14:37Z
dc.date.available2020-04-06T16:14:37Z
dc.date.created2015
dc.date.issued2015
dc.descriptionMasters Degree, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban.en_US
dc.description.abstractThis study examines the use of a country’s import cif/fob ratios (import ad valorem shipping costs) as a measure for international transport costs. The study seeks to source, compile, calculate and compare the country cif/fob ratios for South Africa, the United States of America, Germany, Venezuela, and Australia from the year 1980 to 2012. The study seeks to establish whether there is a relationship between a country’s import cif/fob ratio and a country’s composition of imports, as measured by the standard international trade classification (SITC) data. Empirical evidence is provided that the cif/fob ratios, are frequently misused, incorrectly recorded and miscalculated. They are therefore not reliable and they misrepresent the actual direct shipping and international transport costs of countries. The import cif/fob ratios of each country studied were correlated with each country’s composition of imports. The results for the United States of America, Germany and Australia show that when a country’s trade data are correct and reliable, a country’s imports composition of trade has a substantial and statistically significant effect on the level and variation of that country’s imports cif/fob ratios. Hence, the ratio cannot be relied on or be used as a measure of a country’s direct shipping costs (ad valorem shipping costs) without the context of the country’s imports composition. Furthermore, the results for South Africa and Venezuela show that import cif/fob ratios are inaccurate and unreliable indicators of shipping costs and should not be used as a direct measure of international transport costs.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://researchspace.ukzn.ac.za/handle/10413/17642
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.subject.otherInternational transport costs.en_US
dc.subject.otherRatios to measure.en_US
dc.subject.otherComparative study.en_US
dc.subject.otherImport CIF/FOB ratios.en_US
dc.titleA comparative study on the use of country’s import CIF/FOB ratios to measure international transport costs.en_US
dc.typeThesisen_US

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